Guest environment (QEMU/KVM, standard audit snapshot)
=====================================================

$ uname -a
DragonFly dfbsd 6.5-DEVELOPMENT DragonFly 6.5-DEVELOPMENT #0: Thu Jul  2 06:02:54 UTC 2026  root@dfbsd:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/X86_64_GENERIC  x86_64

$ sysctl -n kern.osreldate
600519

GPU devices:
$ pciconf -l | grep -i -E "display|vga"
vgapci0@pci0:0:2:0:  class=0x030000 card=0x11001af4 chip=0x11111234 rev=0x02 hdr=0x00
  -> chip 0x11111234 = vendor 0x1234 (QEMU virtual VGA / bochs-mmio). NO AMD GPU.

amdgpu hardware-gate probe (before guest reset):
$ kldload amdgpu && dmesg | tail
[drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.          <-- ONLY line; zero probe lines,
                                                    zero bound devices, no dc_create.
$ kldstat | grep amdgpu
23    1 0xffffffff82600000 41df000 amdgpu.ko      <-- module resident, no hardware.
(the subsequent kldunload hung the unload path — drm module unload is not
 supported on this kernel; guest reset clean afterwards)

Modules present: /boot/kernel/amdgpu.ko, /boot/kernel/drm.ko (not loaded at boot)

Toolchain used for the ledger model:
$ cc --version | head -1
cc 8.3 [DragonFly] Release/2019-02-22

Guest was reset to the clean-source snapshot after probing (vm.sh reset with-src);
final state: up, amdgpu not loaded, 1 vgapci (QEMU VGA), guest_dirty=0.