# serial console (vm.sh log) excerpt, 2026-09-23: run-4 baseline wedge
Sep 23 10:30:16 dfbsd kernel: vinum: loaded
Sep 23 10:30:17 dfbsd kernel: vinumioctl: invalid ioctl from process 1108 (hold_daemon): 40906468
Sep 23 10:30:43 dfbsd kernel: vinum: unloaded
Sep 23 10:33:02 dfbsd kernel: vinum: loaded
Sep 23 10:33:03 dfbsd kernel: vinumioctl: invalid ioctl from process 1218 (hold_daemon): 40906468
#   ^ holder 1218 opens /dev/vinum/controld at 10:33:03, sleeps 300 s
#   ... kldunload started ~10:33:11; NO further console messages for 5 min;
#   kldstat / vmstat -m blocked system-wide (linker lock held) ...
Sep 23 10:38:03 dfbsd kernel: vinum: unloaded
#   ^ exactly holder_open + 300 s: the unload only proceeded when the
#     holder's close cleared VF_DAEMONOPEN.
# devbuf before run-4: 5.10K allocs / 357K; after: 19.7K allocs / 706K
#  = +14,600 leaked struct daemonq (~24 B each), one per ~2 ticks of the
#  spinning loop, never freed even after the module finally unloaded.