Guest: DragonFly dfbsd 6.5-DEVELOPMENT #0: Thu Jul 2 06:02:54 UTC 2026 root@dfbsd:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/X86_64_GENERIC x86_64 (dfbsd-qemu "with-src" snapshot; stock INVARIANTS kernel) Compiler: cc 8.3 [DragonFly] Release/2019-02-22 sysctl kern.ckptgroup: 0 (wheel-only gate; root used for PoC; non-wheel user verified to get EPERM before any parsing) Root filesystem: vbd0s1d hammer2 (image embeds a boot-dependent fh of /etc/passwd - regenerate the image in the same boot) Patched-kernel validation boot: #1: Tue Sep 1 20:00:55 UTC 2026 (make nativekernel + installkernel with fix.diff applied)