DragonFly dfbsd 6.5-DEVELOPMENT #0: Thu Jul  2 06:02:54 UTC 2026 (X86_64_GENERIC, with-src snapshot)
cc 8.3 [DragonFly] Release/2019-02-22
Modules: ciss.ko and radeon.ko present in /boot/kernel/ (built, NOT loaded - no HP Smart Array / no AMD GPU on guest)
Threat model: malicious/emulated CISS PCI device (DF-1190/1191/1192) or malicious VBIOS (DF-1198/1199) - hardware/firmware attacker, not local unprivileged user