(No kernel panic — this finding is hardware-gated [no FireWire controller on the QEMU guest], so the live in-kernel path cannot be triggered. Instead the primitive is proven at the harness level using the VERBATIM kernel code. See VERDICT.md "Proof (harness)" and "In-kernel reachability".) Underflow math (confirmed by harness): textleaf->crc_len is u_int32_t:16 (BIT16x2 macro, firewire.h:122) fwcrom.c:215 qlen = textleaf->crc_len - 2; // crc_len=0 -> qlen=-2 (signed int) // crc_len=1 -> qlen=-1 fwcrom.c:216 if (len < qlen * 4) qlen = len/4; // len(32) < -8 -> FALSE, qlen stays negative fwcrom.c:218 for (i=0; i FALSE, loop skipped fwcrom.c:221 if (len <= qlen*4) buf[len-1]=0; // 32 <= -8 -> FALSE fwcrom.c:224 else buf[qlen*4]=0; // *** buf[-8]=0 (crc_len=0) / buf[-4]=0 (crc_len=1) *** Harness observation: [crc_len=0] pre[8] (== buf[-8]) zeroed -> BUG CONFIRMED [crc_len=1] pre[12] (== buf[-4]) zeroed -> BUG CONFIRMED [crc_len=2] control case: canary intact (no bug)